Theory of Ritualism by Robert Merton

Ritualism is a concept developed by American sociologist Robert K. Merton as a part of his structural strain theory. It refers to the common practice of going through the motions of daily life even though one does not accept the goals or values that align with those practices. Ritualism as a Response to Structural Strain Merton, an important figure in early American sociology, created what is considered to be one of the most important theories of deviance within the discipline. Mertons structural strain theory states that people experience tension when a society does not provide adequate and approved means for achieving culturally valued goals. In Mertons view, people either accept these conditions and go along with them, or they challenge them in some way, which means they think or act in ways that appear deviant from cultural norms. Structural strain theory accounts for five responses to such strain, of which ritualism is one. Other responses include conformity, which involves continual acceptance of the goals of the society and continued participation in the approved means through which one is supposed to achieve them. Innovation involves accepting the goals but rejecting the means and creating new means. Retreatism refers to rejection of both the goals and the means, and rebellion occurs when individuals reject both and then create new goals and means to pursue. According to Mertons theory, ritualism occurs when a person rejects the normative goals of their society but nonetheless continues to participate in the means of attaining them. This response involves deviance in the form of rejecting the normative goals of society but is not deviant in practice because the person continues to act in a way that is in line with pursuing those goals. One common example of ritualism is when people do not embrace the goal of getting ahead in society by doing well in ones career and earning as much money as possible. Many have often thought of this as the American Dream, as did Merton when he created his theory of structural strain. In contemporary American society, many have become aware that stark economic inequality is the norm, that most people do not actually experience social mobility in their lives, and that most money is made and controlled by a very tiny minority of wealthy individuals. Those who see and understand this economic aspect of reality, and those who simply do not value economic success but frame success in other ways, will reject the goal of climbing the economic ladder. Yet, most will still engage in the behaviors that are meant to achieve this goal. Most will spend most of their time at work, away from their families and friends, and may even still attempt to gain status and increased salary within their professions, despite the fact that they reject the end goal. They go through the motions of what is expected perhaps because they know that it is normal and expected, because they do not know what else to do with themselves, or because they have no hope or expectation of change within society. Ultimately, though ritualism stems from discontent with the values and goals of society, it works to maintain the status quo by keeping normal, everyday practices and behaviors in place. If you think about it for a moment, there are probably at least a few ways in which you engage in ritualism in your life. Other Forms of Ritualism The form of ritualism that Merton described in his structural strain theory describes behavior among individuals, but sociologists have identified other forms of ritualism too. For example, sociologists also recognize political ritualism, which occurs when people participate in a political system by voting despite the fact that they believe that the system is broken and cannot actually achieve its goals. Ritualism is common within bureaucracies, wherein rigid rules and practices are observed by members of the organization, even though doing so is often counter to their goals. Sociologists call this bureaucratic ritualism.

The Search for Truth or Meaning in James Joyces Dubliners

The Search for Truth or Meaning in Dubliners Several of James Joyces stories in Dubliners can read as lamentations on a frustrating inability of man to represent meaning by external means, including written word. When characters in Araby, Counterparts, and A Painful Case attempt to represent or signify themselves, other characters, or abstract spiritual entities with or through words, they not only fail, but end up emotionally ruined. Moreover, the inconclusive endings of the three stories correspond with the fates of their characters. The short texts of Dubliners imply that representing the real is frustrating, if not impossible. Early in Dubliners, Joyce establishes the theme of emotional investment in†¦show more content†¦(108) The conspicuous purple ink and brass pin highlight the graphic qualities of Duffys volume. Joyce goes on to describe Duffys odd treatment of the manuscript, again emphasizing actions which reduce words to non-referential form: In these sheets a sentence was inscribed from time to time and, in an ironical moment, the headline of an advertisement for Bile Beans had been pasted on to the first sheet. (108) The infrequency of Duffys inscriptions and his ironic irreverence toward the physical text are made clear. Any notion of his feelings regarding the content or meaning of the text is invisible or implicit. Joyce implies a sort of detachment from an conventional notion of textual meaning. Duffys relationship with modes of representation is complicated and multi-faceted. While his treatment of the Hauptmann text is ironic and detached, the character seems to hold strong beliefs in objective truth and the potential for a representable reality. Joyce writes, He lived at a little distance from his body, regarding his own acts with doubtful side-glances. He had an odd autobiographical habit which led him to compose in his mind from time to time a short sentence about himself containing a subject in the third person and a predicate in the past tense. (108) The passage implies that Duffy wishesShow MoreRelatedA Look At The Themes Of Home1742 Words   |  7 PagesJuan Linares Mr. Maust English IV AP 11 April 2016 The Wayfarers, A Look at the Themes of Home In James Joyce’s Dubliners In Dubliners, James Joyce explores the objective view of the paralysis that is a city. He believed strongly that Irish society had been paralyzed by two forces, both which he encountered throughout his life. One being England, and all of its social bewilderment, and the other being the Roman Catholic Church. As a result of this torpor the Irish experienced a downfall, economicallyRead MoreEssay about Search for Meaning in James Joyces Dubliners2379 Words   |  10 PagesSearch for Meaning in James Joyces Dubliners Throughout Dubliners James Joyce deliberately effaces the traditional markers of the short story: causality, closure, etc. In doing so, the novel continually offers up texts which mark their own complexity by highlighting the very thing which traditional realism seeks to conceal: the artifice and insufficiency inherent in a writers attempt to represent reality.(Seidel 31) By refusing to take a reductive approach towards the world(s) he presentsRead MoreEssay on Evelines Decision in James Joyces Dubliners790 Words   |  4 PagesEvelines Decision in James Joyces Dubliners      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the short story, Eveline, James Joyce introduces us to the life of a young woman named Eveline. She has the opportunity to escape with Frank, the man she thinks she loves, to a faraway country in search of a new life.   Instead, she decides to stay in the dreary and gloomy life she already knows.   To understand Evelines final decision to stay we have to analyze the reasons that prevent Eveline from pursuing a betterRead MoreLecture on Short Story5432 Words   |  22 Pagesinformation and to keep the memory of their ancestors alive down the generations. Storytelling satisfies our need to understand and control our origins and destiny; it enables us to meaningfully shape our individual and communal experiences (to extract meaning from experiences that can appear senseless, bewildering or even traumatic). We all tell stories, everyday, to ourselves and to others and we all relish storytelling in one form or another: we love jokes, anecdotes, tales, series, myths, novels, orRead MoreANALIZ TEXT INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS28843 Words   |  116 Pagesthe plot is its resolution; it records the outcome of the conflict and establishes some new equilibrium or stability (however tentative and momentary). The resolution is also referred to as the conclusion or the denoument, the latter a French word meaning â€Å"unknotting† or  "untying†. Although the terms exposition, complication, crisis, falling action and resolution are helpful in understanding the relationship among the parts of some kinds of narrative, all plots, unfortunately, do not lend themselvesRead MoreCleanth Brookss Essay Irony as a Principle of Structure9125 Words   |  37 Pagesbeen partly revised, no systematic attempt has been made. to remove the traces of the particular circumstances in which they were written. In some cases a radical recasting of an essay would have meant destroying what I regard as its inner core of truth. Thus in the essay on The Changing Function of Historical Materialism we can still hear the echoes of those exaggeratedly sanguine hopes that many of us cherished concerning the duration and tempo of the revolution. The reader should not, therefore

Executive Summary free essay sample

The Republic of India, located in southern Asia, gained independence from Britain in 1947. After gaining independence, the country became a Federal Republic (Chakrabarty 39). Because of the countries enthusiasm for democracy and its sheer size, India has been â€Å"branded as the biggest democracy on the globe† (Chakrabarty 1). Many scholars describe India’s government as a hybrid of the US and the UK because of its parliamentary system, federal set-up, and reliance on its constitution (Chakrabarty 31). Although the country is a democratic world power, it is still considered a developing country, due to its vast income inequality. India’s constitution was written in 1950, shortly after the country gained independence. The constitution calls for freedom, equality, and unity (Chakrabarty 5). India’s constitution is the â€Å"longest basic law of any of the worlds independent countries. It contains, at latest count, 444 articles and a dozen schedules. Since its original adoption, it has been amended more than one hundred times, and now fills about 250 printed pages† (Mehta). The hospital implements its infection prevention and control activities, including surveillance, to minimize, reduce, or eliminate the risk of infection. 2. Comply with either the current Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) hand hygiene guidelines or the current World Health Organization (WHO) hand hygiene guidelines. 3. Implement evidence-based practices to prevent healthcare– associated infections due to multidrug-resistant organisms in acute care hospitals. 4. Implement evidence-based practices to prevent central line– associated bloodstream infections. 5. Implement evidence-based practices for preventing surgical site infections. There are opportunities to implement and to improve on established programs for Infection Control and Prevention. Establishing and reinforcing Nightingale Community Hospital’s commitment to implement programs and improve on identifying, preventing and controlling infections will reduce cost of care while improving patient safety and education. Multidrug Resistant Organisms Current Compliance Status Patients continue to be at risk for nosocomial transmissions that are multidrug- resistant. Nosocomial transmissions did not meet the Joint Commission Accreditation standards 7 out of the 12 months. Number of MDRO Infections Rate/1000 Patient Days January 0 0 February 4 1. 5 March 2 0. 75 April 2 0. 5 May 1 0. 25 June 1 0. 25 July 0 0 August 1 0. 25 September 1 0. 25 October 0 0 November 0 0 December 0 0 Although there was a reduction rate of Mulitdrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) from February through August, the 12-month rolling rate average is 3. 2 infections/1000 patient days. The current goal set by Nightingale Community Hospital is 0. 15 infections/1000 patient days. Joint Commission Accreditation Standard Reduce the risk of health care-associated infections (2013 The Joint Commission). There are nine Elements of Performance (EPs) that are required and that have direct impact on patient care: 1. Conduct periodic risk assessments (in time frames defined by the hospital) for multidrug-resistant organism acquisition and transmission. 2. Based on the results of the risk assessment, educate staff and licensed independent practitioner about HAIs, MDROs, and prevention strategies at hire and annually thereafter. 3. Educate patients, and their families as needed, who are infected or colonized with a MDRO about healthcare–associated infection prevention strategies. 4. Implement a surveillance program for MDRO based on the risk assessment. 5. Measure and monitor multidrug-resistant organism prevention processes and outcomes. 6. Provide MDRO process and outcome data to key stakeholders, including leaders, licensed independent practitioners, nursing staff, and other clinicians. 7. Implement policies and practices aimed at reducing the risk of transmitting multidrug-resistant organisms. These policies and practices meet regulatory requirements and are aligned with evidence-based standards 8. Implement a laboratory-based alert system that identifies new patients with MDROs. 9. Implement an alert system that identifies readmitted or transferred patients who are known to be positive for multidrug-resistant organisms. Corrective Action Plan Perform quarterly risk assessments of MDROs transmission and acquisition. Provide annual educational seminars to staff and practitioners regarding the transmission, reduction, control, and prevention of HIAs based on the quarterly risk assessment outcomes. Focus on family and patient education to bring awareness of reduction, prevention, and treatment of MDROs. Healthcare-associated infections (HAI) surveillance should identify the population who are of greater risk for contraction or transmission of MDROs over a 12- month period. During the monitoring period treatments and outcomes should be measured to determine the effectiveness and adherence of protocols. Monitor isolation to assess risks. Prepare quarterly reports to key stakeholder regarding HIAs monitoring, protocols, and outcomes. Review and incorporate evidence-based standards to reduce, prevent, and treat HIAs that meet regulatory standards from organizations such as Center for Disease Control (CDC), Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), and World Health Organization (WHO). Implement real-time electronic laboratory reporting that identify patients with MDROs to the respective treating clinicians and provide treatment protocols. Monitor and measure outcomes based on response time from identification to treatment, length of stay, recurrence, mortality, morbidity. Implement an alert system that identifies readmitted and transfer patients with known MDROs in order to treat and contain transmission in accordance with evidence-based standards and protocols. Central Line Bloodstream Infections (CL-BSI) and Central Line Bundle Current Compliance Status 3 out of the 12 months central line bloodstream infections were out of compliance with Joint Commission Accreditation standards. Month out of Compliance Number of CL-BSI Rate/1000 Patient Days March 1 5 August 1 5 September 1 7 Current surveillance objective goal is to achieve 90% by the end of the fiscal year. The processes used will be in accordance with the CDC. Quarterly outcomes will be presented to stakeholders with recommendations of areas for improvements where needed. 4. Implement patient and family education regarding the facts of SSI: Treatment of SSI using antibiotics. How the hospital treats and handles the prevention of SSIs. What the patient and family can do to help prevent SSIs before surgery, at the time of surgery, and after surgery. How to treat the surgical site after the patient is home. Provide written literature for the patient and family to review after the patient was seen by a practitioner. 5. Conduct an educational based on the current Joint Commission Accreditation standards review of SSI at the time of transfer to surgical service (or time of hire) and annually thereafter for surgical staff, including physicians, administrative staff, and nursing staff. Environmental Rounds Data Current Compliance Status The current Infection Control Environmental Rounds Data hospital-wide average for the previous 3 years: Bi-Annual Rounds Previous Year 1 Previous Year 2 Previous Year 3 Hospital-wide Average 82. 7% 83. 2% 86. 1% 88. 2% Environmental data includes: Infection control management Staffs’ compliance with food/drink restrictions Dust free environments Refrigeration and ice machine cleanliness and regulated temperatures Negative pressure rooms are at negative pressure Patient rooms and bathrooms are clean and in good repair Isolation cabinets clearly indicated Properly stored clean linen Ensure stagnant water is not in the hopper in the dirty utility room Accessibility of alcohol-based foam/gel Multidose vials are with expiration date Prep areas and carts are clean and remnants are properly disposed of Staff are compliant with proper hand hygiene Supplies are not expired BGM kits are clean and reagents are not expired Joint Commission Accreditation Standard 1. The hospital implements its infection prevention and control activities, including surveillance, to minimize, reduce, or eliminate the risk of infection. 2. The hospital uses standard precautions, including the use of personal protective equipment, to reduce the risk of infection. 3. The hospital implements transmission-based precautions * in response to the pathogens that are suspected or identified within the hospital’s service setting and community. 4. The hospital investigates outbreaks of infectious disease. 5. The hospital minimizes the risk of infection when storing and disposing of infectious waste. 6. The hospital implements its methods to communicate responsibilities for preventing and controlling infection to licensed independent practitioners, staff, visitors, patients, and families. Information for visitors, patients, and families includes hand and respiratory hygiene practices. 7. The hospital reports infection surveillance, prevention, and control information to the appropriate staff within the hospital. 8. The hospital reports infection surveillance, prevention, and control information to local, state, and federal public health authorities in accordance with law and regulation. 9. When the hospital becomes aware that it transferred a patient who has an infection requiring monitoring, treatment, and/or isolation, it informs the receiving organization. 10. When the hospital becomes aware that it received a patient from another organization who has an infection requiring action, and the infection was not communicated by the referring organization, it informs the referring organization. Corrective Action Plan Implement employee health surveillance of communicable disease with immunization compliance. The current goal is zero PPD conversions for tuberculosis, healthcare workers properly immunized to include a 90% rate for influenza immunization. Nonemployee health screening surveillance to be in compliance with health requirements, such as immunizations, hand hygiene awareness and compliance, prior to beginning employment or contract with the healthcare facility with a goal 95%. Implement staff awareness of blood and bodily fluid exposures and sharps safety compliance. Implement an annual review of safety devices and proper disposal of needles to prevent accidental sticks, and proper disposal of blood, bodily fluids, and waste. The current target goal is ? 1. 2 exposures per 1000 patient days. Survey sterilization compliance and review sterilization documentation and flash utilization. The current flash rate goal:

Jack Lenox Interview - Web Sustainability, The Last Frontier

Howdy WordPress Nation, we are back with yet another enchanting chapter in the Pirate Interviews series! Jack Lenox, a Software Engineer from the  WordPress VIP team, will be our guest today and he is going to share his insights on web sustainability and reveal his strategies to make more energy-efficient websites.Before we get started, I need to give a shout-out to Francesca Marano from SiteGround, with whom we had the pleasure of talking last month.  She shared her tips and tricks for helping entrepreneurs achieve more when networking. If youre looking for more insights from the people who have an impact on WordPress, you can  follow them on Twitter. Also, you can check our  interview directory  for other insights from the experts.Jack Lenox is an environmentalist and tech aficionado. He knew from an early age that he wanted to make the web a better place  (or was  it the world?), but it was his ancient historical studies that put his career in focus.Youll also discov er that Jack had decided to dive to the depths of the web long before he joined Automattic.His passion for creating websites led him to acquire enough skills in terms of CMS that he managed to embark upon a career in WordPress, the heart of blogging. Speaking of which, he also wrote an article about delivering WordPress in only 7KB in which he reveals how Susty (the tiny WordPress theme) was born.Now that you are more familiar with the topic, Im sure youre ready to find out more about this. If youd rather choose the video over the text transcription, make sure you open the Twitter thread. Each question has a separate video.We were lucky enough to interview @JackLenox at #WCEU last week. He talked to us about sustainable web design and how easy it can be to get started.Unfortunately, Twitters video restrictions meant we needed to edit for brevity but the full interview will go on YouTube soon. pic.twitter.com/sjfpkT5hz7 Codeinwp (@codeinwp) July 1, 2019 The interview has been edited for clarity and brevityYoure the creator of Susty, that tiny WordPress theme. How big is it?Jack Lenox:Well, it depends on how you configure it, but 6 KB is what I got the home page to. So, obviously the theme is small, but you could put a huge image which would blow that right out. Yeah, 6 KB-ish.How long did it take?Jack Lenox:About a day (laughs). It took a bit longer. Its funny because I sort of talked to people about it being the thing that took the least effort to get the most amount of applause.I was mostly just removing things, so I wanted to get everything out of the theme, except the things we absolutely need. So I started with Underscores. Underscores is a starter theme for people who arent familiar with it, produced by the team Automattic. And its already a bare-bones theme, but there are lots of things in there.There are also assumptions made in Underscores that fit in with a traditional way that we do with theming in WordPress, like having a sidebar and widgets areas. I took all of those things out and I also cut down some of the markup, because I was getting into some fine-tuning; some of the divs and stuff that dont really need to be there, and other elements.Its very lean Underscores, but I was cutting even the CSS they had back and had the bare minimum I think I could do. So yes, it took a little bit of time. It probably took more than a day, but it didnt take very long.How did you get started in WordPress?Jack Lenox:When I got to University and having this hobby of doing websites, I got involved with setting up a student newspaper and then we needed a website. I thought there has to be a better way than using these crazy content management systems I had been making.At that point, Ruby was becoming a thing, so there were different approaches, but I knew PHP and SQL and thats kinda all I wanted to do, even though some people criticized that. WordPress came on to my radar and then I started playing around with it and from the beginning it cut o ut so much of the work, just having a CMS thats working.Ive always been a bit of an outsider, because Ive always liked this sort of unorthodox use of WordPress. So, for me, WordPress has always been the CMS. I was like I need to build a newspaper website, so lets build a newspaper website and use WordPress.When I first started using it, I didnt have custom post types. It was 3.0, pretty old. So I remember doing a lot of weird hacks for creating galleries, that old stuff that people used to do back then.Then it kinda evolved and I ended up coming out of University in the middle of a recession. I was trying to become a journalist and it wasnt an easy road. But I had built up all these web skills, so I worked at a consumer finance website where I was a journalist. I quickly got on to working on their website and I said: your website is terrible. Then, they wanted to shift it on to WordPress and I was like Ive just been learning WordPress. And that led to more and more of that.Where are you working now?Jack Lenox:I work for Automattic. In 2013 I joined Automattic, having done a few different agency jobs. Then, in 2016, I moved from the VIP team which is kinda within Automattic, but its quite separate. And now I work on big newspaper websites. Things like 538 and weve also got The Sun in the UK, which is a big newspaper.And then, weve got all sorts of other clients; weve got Metro, which is one of the free papers in the UK. In the US, all of CBS is on there all of their local sites. Facebook and almost every site that isnt Facebook.com is on WordPress VIP. We host a lot of blogs like Spotify, Airbnb blogs and so on.What can small business/websites owners do to make sustainable websites?Jack Lenox:If youre a small business, there are a lot of little things that you can be doing. Obviously one of those things is trying to choose a performant theme. Its a little bit hard to work out which ones are sustainable. Id love to include some sort of grading in the theme repo sitory.There are a lot of things like YouTube embeds if you actually embed a YouTube video, that would take about 1 Mb download just to show the embed before you even click play.   And both from a performance standpoint and a sustainability standpoint, you can say, if everyone is going to click this, if it is embedded on the page, if its a virtual tour of our hotels, then youll probably want to embed it. But a lot of time, people do that. Its that kinda stuff that gets in the way. If most people arent clicking it, then, you know, it doesnt need to be embedded.You could just have the link to the video, or you can have a static screenshot image. The point is making your site as accessible as possible, so people arent wasting time roaming around it. Its not just performance, its not just usability, its also energy usage.And then, there are some plugins. For example, you should be using a plugin like WP Super Cache, because you dont need to configure it. Youre not configuring NGINX o r Apache, for it would just generate HTML and static pages and serve those instead of the dynamic ones. If youre kind of a web administrator, add WP Super Cache and activate it. Its a really great plugin.What can developers do to make more sustainable websites?Jack Lenox:Its pretty wide-ranging. First is getting as up-to-date as you can, with the latest performance techniques. For example, if youre in a position where you configure servers, theres a new compression mechanism called Brotli, which Google has produced and Open Sourced. Its even better than GZip.Then, it is about how you build your product. The quote I have from Peter Pickering that I really like is: The most performant, maintainable component you build for your website is the one that you dont build.  So its kind of a minimalistic approach. I am not saying take all of your graphics away, but make it really nice.So yeah, think about all the way down to your divs and what CSS preprocessors youre using. Also, think abou t what kind of CSS thats producing, monitoring all those kind of different bits of code that youre producing, setting performance budget and setting yourself a target on how big your webpage is going to be.Id suggest something like half a megabyte. I mentioned Thought Company, the article I showed was 200 KB and thats fully designed. Thats a proper publishing house and they are doing that kind of thing.The other thing, if you were in a position to do this, is to be powering your stuff with renewable energy, because that really helps. So, weve got quite a few hosts in the UK. You can use Google Cloud platforms.You can actually like the AWS Frankfort data center, for it is the sustainable service petition. They have a whitepaper that links from that petition and it is only about 5 or 6 pages. It is really interesting to read through and see what the technologists in this sphere have been doing.Who is doing good sustainable work in WordPress right now?Jack Lenox:I think the leader is  Wholegrain Digital.  I know Tom quite well and weve chatted quite a bit, so its cool because not many people are doing stuff about this. So, to have a company as influential as Wholegrain Digital in the sphere in WordPress space, I mean its pretty awesome.Theyve obviously built this website, which is the tool that tells you what the carbon footprint of your website is. Theyre doing a lot of work as a company, so theyre disclosing all of their carbon footprint data based on everything down to employees commuting into work. And if they were coming to a conference like this, they would be measuring everything. They would be encouraging people to go by train. Theyre definitely the out and out leader.There are kind of some peripheral companies as well that probably not everyone will know.   For example Mightybytes, which is a company run by Tim Frick. Tim wrote the book Designing for Sustainability.MightyBytes actually does a lot of WordPress work, but theyre one of those agencies that you wont see as much at WordCamps. They are not as much in the community, because they also do Drupal. Theyre a multi, not just a WordPress agency.In terms of individuals, someone like Justin Tadlock, who I shouted out to in the talk, I dont think hes making things for sustainability, but he happens to be doing it by accident. So high five.Where do you find the line between sustainability and profit?Jack Lenox:I would say Google should do whatever they can to make their platform as sustainable as possible for free. If the premium apps, like if its hanging around, wed stop playback of video. I dont know anyone on the YouTube team or anything.   Id love to know a bit more about how they came to that decision.Chris:Yeah, its weird because there are options where you can get streaming music for free, like Spotify free. Its really good so I understand its a requested feature, but I dont think its make or break.Jack Lenox:No, you wouldnt think thats the only reason people are going for premium, so Id like to see them take it out. For the study as well, guys at Bristol were looking at one. They were like: whats one design change that YouTube could make? And thats was the one they hit upon.I think there are hundreds of changes they could be making and they do. These companies are really performant. But its thinking about the actual design of the site and how people are going to use it, and if it is as efficient as possible. That comes back to the designers and it comes to user experience.Jack, tell us about Googles sustainable effortsJack Lenox:You have to take your hat off in all different ways. Theyre running the Lighthouse project which is a performance auditing tool. It is built into Chrome, you can run it standalone and its open source. Its being led by Paul Irish, one of their celebrity web developers. They severely audit all of their own stuff. You know, the performance of Google their homepage over the years. Its obviously a very simple page in and of itself, but they made that faster and faster.They also rank a part of the weighting of your search engine ranking, so the more heavy your site is, the lower your ranking. All of these things are encouraging a more performant site, which in turn is more sustainable.The cloud platform is, through offsets and other things, effectively 100% renewable, which is pretty huge. They are way ahead of Amazon in that regard. Alphabet is the biggest corporate buyer of renewable energy in the world.Obviously, as someone who is environmentally minded, you think they could be doing more. A lot of their energy setup is through offsetting. Theyre buying renewable energy in Canada and feeding it back into their grid. But if youre ramping up your energy at the speed the Internet is, were going to run out of options. They need to be building solar farms and they need to be building wind turbines themselves. Or at least funding them to power their data centers, so they need to be truly green and its a bi g challenge.How can you handle unsustainable requests when working with clients?Chris:When you talk to the clients and they are like: Woah, I want that carousel in there. Where are the share buttons? How are you talking them out of that?Jack Lenox:I think if you have it, the best thing you use is data. Its proven across the board that the bigger and heavier your website is, the more you lose people. The more you lose customers, the more you lose readers. The more you lose, youve dropped down the Google rankings, because thats part of their measure. There are so many reasons not to do it.Certainly, I think there has been a shift. Weve never really done frontend code reviews. We do code review for the security and everything else, but clients are increasingly saying we want our site to be better. Because we sell speed, but we cant stop you adding two hundred images to a page and it being slow.We serve them as quickly as possible, but that doesnt matter. Or, if you have some massive bl ocking JavaScript thats going to happen and youre going to come up bad on WebPageTest. Clients are increasingly actively wanting it as well.I think the third thing you could do there is doing user research and the more you can do that with the client. User research sounds really expensive. You think weve got to book a room, pay people to come in, test the website and ask a load of questions. Or, you can literally go sit in a cafe and go up to someone and say: Excuse me, do you mind if Iwould you test my website and Ill buy you a coffee?You can spend an hour in the grand scheme of things for even a freelancer, agency. But if you cant sit and demonstrate to a client that the user doesnt like a carousel, so you compare the two and you say thats definitely because users dont like carousels.They dont interact with them. 98% of people dont click them. Thats where you end up with your hardest evidence. Youre like: Look, all these people, they dont like carousels.Will sustainability be the next big movement in tech?Jack Lenox:Well, it is really interesting, because sustainability does encompass all of those practices. So I dont know if people capture the imagination in quite the same way as other paradigms shifts have. We are definitely seeing a lot more companies competing, in terms of how sustainable they are, even banks. Its what everyone wants to be saying theyre doing. And obviously, making a website more sustainable is one thing, but I also want to try and drive it to companies to be more like Wholegrain Digital and to disclose their carbon footprint.To be thinking about WordCamp Europe, Id love to see a carbon footprint analysis of this whole conference. The point is, once you start measuring stuff, you can start changing stuff.  So if WCEU does a carbon footprint analysis, its probably too late now. They can think about what can we do to make that better next.The impact of measuring creates an actual number that you can then start to shift. Id love to see th at happening within web design and within the web industry. Thats the thing. It gets in the collective psyche to have people writing about it and talking about it. And one of the big things is talking to other people about it. Jack Lenox (@JackLenox) #interviewed at @ThemeIsle - on #sustainability with #WordPress Click To Tweet That sums up our Jack Lenox interview.  If you enjoyed it and want to learn more, please leave your comments in the section below. Also, if you have any ideas for who we should talk to next, feel free to share your suggestions with us!Free guide5 Essential Tips to Speed Up Your WordPress SiteReduce your loading time by even 50-80% just by following simple tips.

Top 10 Hottest Jobs for College Graduates

Top 10 Hottest Jobs for College Graduates if you’re on the job hunt post-college and have no idea where to begin, take your cue from 2016’s  hottest jobs for college graduates. here are the top tens for job postings and most-popular (and hirable!) majors for recent research done by the thejobnetwork in 2016. let’s start with this years 10 most popular majors. not much change has been shown in the past few years. so if you’re still undecided, you might consider one of these tried-and-true paths to your future career:top 10 majors of 2016business administration managementpsychologynursingteaching or educationaccountingcriminal justice / correctionsaccountingliberal arts (general studies)english language literaturehistorynext up are the top 10 job titles posted on thejobnetwork in 2016 that require a college degree. so you can take your studies from the list above and get out there on the market!top 10 job postings on thejobnetwork in 2016graphic designmedical assistantweb design developmentinfo rmation systems managementmarketingaccountinghealth care administrationengineeringparalegalelectronic and computer technology  and, finally, here are the top 10  jobs that were the â€Å"most boosted† in 2016 on thejobnetwork, all of which are specifically targeting recent grads.top 10 jobs targeting recent grads on thejobnetworksales representativesnursing (and nursing related jobs)teachingaccountingdata analysisdigital marketingsoftware developmentevent planningmechanical engineeringelectrical engineeringyou don’t have to pick one of these career paths or even one of these popular majors to succeed in the job market out of college. but knowing what’s out there and what’s making waves can be incredibly useful to you. follow the trends just enough to be educated and current in what the job search climate is like, without being a slave to any cookie-cutter formulas. and if you’re indecisive or in doubt, it never hurts to go for something thatâ⠂¬â„¢s proven to get results!

Learn How to Pronounce German Words in English

Learn How to Pronounce German Words in English While the proper way to pronounce some German terms in English may be debatable, this isnt one of them: Porsche is a family name, and the family members pronounce their surname PORSH-uh. Can you remember when the French automaker Renault still sold cars in North America? (If youre old enough, you may recall Renaults Le Car.) In the early days, Americans pronounced the French name ray-NALT. Just about the time that most of us had learned to say ray-NOH correctly, Renault pulled out of the U.S. market. Given enough time, Americans usually can learn to pronounce most foreign words correctly- if you dont include ​maitre d or hors-doeuvres.   Example of Another Silent-E Another â€Å"silent-e† example is also a brand name: Deutsche Bank.   It could be a carryover from the now entrenched mispronunciation of Germanys former currency, the Deutsche Mark (DM). Even educated English-speakers may say â€Å"DOYTSH mark,† dropping the e. With the arrival of the euro and the demise of the DM, German company or media names with â€Å"Deutsche† in them have become the new mispronunciation target: Deutsche Telekom, Deutsche Bank, Deutsche Bahn, or Deutsche Welle. At least most people get the German â€Å"eu† (OY) sound right, but sometimes that gets mangled as well. Neanderthal or Neandertal Most informed people prefer the more German-like pronunciation nay-ander-TALL. Thats because Neanderthal is a German word and German does not have the th sound of English â€Å"the.† The Neandertal (the alternate English or German spelling) is a valley (Tal) named for a German by the name of Neumann (new man). The Greek form of his name is Neander. The fossilized bones of Neandertal man (homo neanderthalensis is the official Latin name) were found in the Neander Valley. Whether you spell it with a t or th, the better pronunciation is nay-ander-TALL without the th sound.   German Brand Names On the other hand, for many German brand names (Adidas, Braun, Bayer, etc.), the English or American pronunciation has become the accepted way to refer to the company or its products. In German, Braun is pronounced like the English word brown (same for Eva Braun, by the way), not BRAWN. But youll probably just cause confusion if you insist on the German way of saying Braun, Adidas (AH-dee-dass, emphasis on the first syllable) or Bayer (BYE-er). The same goes for Dr. Seuss, whose real name was Theodor Seuss Geisel (1904-1991). Geisel was born in Massachusetts to German immigrants, and he pronounced his German name SOYCE. But now everyone in the English-speaking world pronounces the authors name to rhyme with goose.   Frequently Mispronounced Terms German in Englishwith correct phonetic pronunciation Word/Name Pronunciation Adidas AH-dee-dass Bayer bye-er BraunEva Braun brown(not brawn) Dr. Seuss(Theodor Seuss Geisel) soyce GoetheGerman author, poet GER-ta (er as in fern)and all oe-words Hofbruhausin Munich HOFE-broy-house Loess/Lss (geology)fine-grained loam soil lerss (er as in fern) NeanderthalNeandertal nay-ander-tall Porsche PORSH-uh **Phonetic guides shown are approximate. English in Germanwith common German mispronunciation Wort/Name Aussprache airbag (Luftkissen) air-beck chatten (to chat) shetten corned beef kornett beff live (adj.) lyfe (live=life) Nike nyke (silent e) ornee-ka (German vowels)

Simulation in Nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Simulation in Nursing - Essay Example Based on these approaches, they state that simulation should entail techniques used to represent direct replication of the original object for purposes of detailed learning of the same object; for instance, the exposure of some vital parts which cannot otherwise be seen or studied using the real phenomenon (Larew, sessions, Spunt, Foster, & Covington, 2005). As Jha, & Bates (2001) note, simulation technique has made it easy for medical practitioners to acquire adequate hands on skills in providing adequate medical care to all patients seeking services. It has helped in building all round experts capable of handling various complications in the medical field with minimum errors compared to those made in the past. Extreme complications for instance excess hemorrhaging in mothers giving birth, occasionally resulting into deaths have been arrested. Minimizing perinatal hemorrhaging is the main agenda behind the introduction of simulation in medical education since it is the major source of death in delivering mothers (Adams, 1999; Alspach, 1995). This paper investigates the importance of simulations in obstetrics education aimed at minimizing prenatal hemorrhage, as well as analyzes the impacts of simulation and its benefits in obstetrics education. Introduction Excess hemorrhaging can cause death of mothers if not stopped soon after birth. Much blood is even lost in cases of caesarean deliveries where a c- section has to be cut as compared to cases of normal birth (Benner, 1984; Adams, 1999; Kahol K., 2009). There is, therefore, a great need for delivering mothers to be prevented from loosing a lot of blood during and after birth. It is estimated that about 140,000 deaths occur annually with 1 woman losing life every four minutes due to OB hemorrhage (American Association of Colleges of Nursing, 1998). Between 1995-1999 maternal mortality due to OB hemorrhage in the United States of America was 14%, leading to the second cause of death in the region, cardiomyopath y 21% (American Association of Colleges of Nursing, 2002). The majority of these deaths is however reported to be 93% preventable if care providers had been more vigilant, recognized the risk and symptom to intervene early (Benner, 1984; Seymour et al, 2002). This is actually in line with the WHO report in 2007 on OB hemorrhage which indicates that OB hemorrhage is one of the most preventable causes of maternal mortality. Driven by the dire need for immediate attention and response to such vital conditions, most institutions have resorted to using simulation techniques to train nurses and gynecologists in the field of obstetrics. Benner, Hooper-Kyriakidis, & Stannard (1999) point out that simulation education is currently becoming the most preferred mode of education and training in most institutions offering training for nurses and gynecologists. Different kinds of simulators have been identified for use by various institutions and training organizations. As a result, the chances o f survival among mothers giving birth have been increased over the last few years (Adams, 1999; Case, 1995).